1.1 Physical quantities and measurement techniques
Measuring equipment:
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Rulers: to find length
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Measuring cylinders: to find a volume
Oscillation of a pendulum: To find an accurate measurement, measure multiple oscillations and find the average.
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Scalar - Has magnitude only. E.g. distance, speed, time, mass, energy and temperature.
Vector - Has magnitude and direction. E.g. force, weight, velocity, acceleration, momentum, electric field strength and gravitational field strength.
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Finding resultant of two vectors at right angles:
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Vectors can be added together to produce a resultant vector.
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If two vectors point in the same direction, the resultant vector will also have the same directions and its value will be the result of adding the magnitudes of the two original vectors together.
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If two vectors point in opposite directions then subtract the magnitude of one of the vectors from the other one. The direction of the resultant will be the same as the larger of the two original vectors.
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If the two vectors point in completely different directions, then the value of the resultant vector can be found graphically (Draw an arrow for the first vector. Draw a second arrow for the second vector at the head of the first arrow. Draw an arrow going from the tail of the first vector to the tip of the second vector to find the resultant vector.
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